METABOLIC EFFECTS OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS* Professor V. WYNN
نویسنده
چکیده
Everyone is familiar with the rapid weight gain which occurs in both boys and girls with the onset of puberty. At this time there is also a spurt in the rate of growth. These effects are brought about by increased secretion of the sex steroids, testosterone in males and oestrogen and progesteronein females, which occurs at puberty and is maintained thereafter. The physical difference between men and women is also fairly well recognised by most people. The more muscular male owes this mainly to testosterone. The female curves, mainly due to adipose tissue, are an oestrogen effect. The protein anabolic effect of testosterone is well recognised and can be exploited therapeutically. The term 'anabolic' implies that the substance under consideration is being synthesized and stored. In the context of today's discussion the term 'anabolic steroid' refers to compounds which increase the production of protein in the body. Testosterone is the most powerful of the anabolic steroids in humans and as already mentioned, is responsible for the greater muscle mass of men compared to women. Women who are given testosterone develop masculine characteristics, namely increased muscle mass, beard growth, greasiness of the skin, deepening of the voice, loss of hair from the scalp and other changes which need not be referred to here. These latter effects are referred to as the virilising action of testosterone. In the adult male who is secreting normal amounts of testosterone, additional amounts given by injection do not produce virilising effects, but testosterone may be anabolic if enough is given and the individual may gain weight and increase his muscle mass. Women are more sensitive to the effects of testosterone and it cannot be given for any significant length of time without producing both anabolic and virilising effects.
منابع مشابه
Frequency of Anabolic Steroids Abuse in Bodybuilder Athletes in Kerman City
Abstract Background: Athletes, especially bodybuilders, abuse anabolic steroid drugs to improve their strength and enhance their muscle growth and appearance. This study was conducted to determine the type and frequency of anabolic steroids abuse in bodybuilder athletes in Kerman City. Methods: A confidential questionnaire which included demographic data (age, education), name of ab...
متن کاملPrevalence of Use of Anabolic Steroids by Bodybuilders Using Three Methods in a City of Iran
Background: The prevalence of substance use among bodybuilding athletes has been poorly studied in Iran. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of drug use, especially anabolic steroids, among bodybuilding athletes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the first half of 2013 among body building athletes referring to gyms located in Kerman, Iran. Five gyms were select...
متن کاملPrevalence of Anabolic Steroids among the Male Bodybuilding Athletes and Rate of Awareness to Side Effects in Shahrud
Aims: With the development of bodybuilding in Iran, abusing anabolic steroids has been a big problem. Also, the common and irreversible complications of these drugs for the athletes themselves are an important and controversial issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anabolic steroids and the awareness of male bodybuilder athletes and their coaches about the side effec...
متن کاملAdverse effects of anabolic androgenic steroids on the cardiovascular, metabolic and reproductive systems of anabolic substance abusers
متن کامل
Sports supplements and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids
Recently, the use of sport supplements has become so common among most athletes. These supplements may contain undeclared substances that are banned by such international authorities as WHO, IOC and WADA. The present study, thus, is aimed at examining the final sport supplement products in terms of banned substances and measuring the adulteration level in order to prove the safety of these prod...
متن کامل